Restoring Discipline in Schools: Why Structure Matters

For almost ten years, the approach to school discipline in New York City prioritized ideology over evidence, notably through the widespread adoption of Restorative Justice (RJ). Intended to promote racial equity and improve school culture, this strategy often eliminated clear boundaries that students need to succeed.

Without consistent expectations or consequences, many classrooms lacked structure, with students encouraged to reflect on misbehavior rather than face detention or suspension. Despite spending nearly $100 million on RJ initiatives, issues like disruptions, police intervention, and absenteeism have only worsened.

The absence of firm consequences has left teachers and administrators powerless, reacting to emergencies rather than preventing them. Effective classroom management relies on clear routines, posted rules, and consistent enforcement—elements largely absent under RJ policies. Teachers are now required to manage disruptions through scripted conversations that focus on feelings rather than discipline, weakening the authority needed to maintain order.

A well-structured classroom provides safety and predictability, fundamental for learning. Research confirms that expectations and consequences are essential, especially for vulnerable students in Title 1 schools, which serve the city’s most at-risk children. These schools have been most impacted by the discipline breakdown and should receive prioritized training and resources to restore order.

Nationally, the challenge is recognized, with recent federal actions encouraging discipline measures that reintroduce predictable consequences—counteracting previous guidance that limited suspensions in the name of racial equity. Restoring discipline isn’t about punishment; it’s about creating a balanced environment where students understand boundaries and trust adults to enforce them, fostering a respectful and safe learning space.

As the next mayoral election approaches, voters should ask which candidate will prioritize rebuilding a disciplined, orderly school environment. Proper discipline systems offer every child a better chance to succeed and ensure that the most vulnerable students aren’t left behind.

Jennifer Weber is the cofounder and co-owner of KIT Educational Consulting.