Subway Systems Under Heat Stress: NYC Transit Stations Reach Over 130 Degrees

An artist and software developer based in Queens has embarked on a project highlighting extreme temperatures inside New York City subway stations. Using heat sensors, he has documented “feels like” temperatures soaring above 130 degrees Fahrenheit at several underground stops, including the 6th Avenue/14th Street L train station.

During recent heatwaves, sensor readings peaked at 120 degrees at Union Square, 112 degrees at Herald Square, and 111 degrees at Dekalb Avenue L station. In July, temperatures climbed even higher, with the Times Square station recording 127 degrees, and the 168th Street station hitting 121 degrees. Additionally, “feels like” temperatures surpassed 130 degrees even when surface weather cooled, particularly at certain platforms and train fronts.

The creator, Jack Klein, invested nearly a thousand dollars in sensors to measure heat, humidity, and temperature, especially focusing on long-term data collection from various stations. His findings reveal that underground infrastructure, built with heat-retaining materials and lacking proper ventilation, traps heat from body heat and idling trains, turning underground platforms into literal ovens.

Heat index on a device in a crowded subway elevator — Exposure to extreme heat is particularly concerning for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and disabled. Some subway elevators, especially in hot zones, may be some of the hottest spots underground.

Subterranean stations tend to be warmer than above-ground structures due to their construction materials, lack of greenery, poor airflow, and heat generated by both human activity and train operations. Climate experts warn that, with climate change, these extreme conditions are likely to worsen and could threaten both public health and infrastructure integrity.

Local residents express frustration, with some opting for Uber rides during peak heat, while others accept the heat as an unavoidable part of city life. Transit authorities have made efforts such as improving ventilation and applying reflective paints to mitigate heat, but further investments—totaling billions—are needed to adapt the system to increasingly hot climates.

Experts emphasize the importance of recognizing subway stations as potential heat hotspots and advocate for structural improvements to ensure safety and comfort in the face of rising temperatures caused by climate change.